The basic blowback design is simple, and compared to more complex designs relatively easy and inexpensive to manufacture. Beretta has made blowback semiautos with no extractor at all the barrel is hinged near the muzzle so the chamber end can be lifted to remove an unfired cartridge. When cartridges are fired, there’s enough residual pressure that fired cases extract and eject without needing a mechanical extractor. Most blowback semiautos do have an extractor, its purpose is to remove unfired cartridges from the chamber for unloading. There is enough residual gas pressure to extract and eject the fired case from the chamber. The momentum imparted to the slide keeps it moving back. Once the bullet exits the muzzle, gas pressure in the bore and chamber is released. The net effect? As the bullet exits the barrel, the slide has only begun to move. In addition, as the slide moves back it has to compress the recoil spring. Since the bullet is much lighter it accelerates much more quickly than the slide. Pressure on the interior of the case head pushes it against the face of the slide, which accelerates in the opposite direction. Pressure on the base of the bullet begins accelerating it down the bore. When the cartridge is fired, expanding gases build pressure in all directions, but is contained in the chamber. The face of the slide is held against the chamber end of the barrel by the compression of the recoil spring. With a blowback action, the slide (or bolt, as in the Ruger Mark series of. One of your questions concerned the difference between blowback and locked-breech designs. While not a genius, Mike (just ask His Editorship), I’ll give it a shot, as it were. Esteemed and worthy editor Roy forwarded a message from Handgunner reader Mike Quill: “There are terms I run across which make me feel like a third grader in a post-doctoral physics class… perhaps you could persuade or induce one of your technical geniuses to do an article explaining what are the differences between various firearms terms?”
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